What is Diabetes Mellitus Thesis?
Diabetes is a chronic disease that is characterized by increased levels of blood sugar (glycemia). A chronic disease is one that is not cured but with proper follow-up and treatment the person with diabetes can prevent complications and lead a normal life. It is estimated that diabetes affects more than 3,000,000 people in our country and given that for several years it remains silent, approximately half of those who suffer from it, are unaware of their condition.
According to the diabetes thesis, glucose is a sugar that comes from the digestion of the food we eat circulates through the blood and is used by the body as a source of energy. The cause of diabetes is an alteration in the production or functioning of insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, which functions as a key, facilitating the passage of glucose from the blood to the organs and tissues. There are several types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes there is no production of insulin; therefore the organism does not have the key to open the door of entry of sugars to tissues. It usually begins before the age of 30 and its treatment requires following an adequate diet plan and the application of insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form in line with diabetes thesis statement. Although it usually begins after the age of 40, the disease is observed more and more frequently in young people and adolescents. This type of thesis statement on diabetes is usually the result of overweight, obesity, poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. Although insulin production exists, it acts inadequately. The key does not fit in the lock so that the passage of glucose to the tissues is hindered. Consequently, through either of the two mechanisms, glucose accumulates in the blood and the organs run out of fuel for its functioning. The increase in blood sugar above normal values is called hyperglycemia. Sustained hyperglycemia without treatment can lead to complications in different organs, such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, arteries and feet, among others.
How is Diabetes detected?
The diagnosis of diabetes is made by determining fasting blood glucose in venous blood. The determination in capillary blood (puncture in the fingertip) is useful for monitoring treatment in people receiving insulin, but it is not recommended as a diagnostic method.
Diabetes, in line with thesis statement for diabetes, can occur for several years silently. This means that sometimes there are no symptoms, but over time they may appear:
- Tendency to skin infections
- Increased thirst
- Weight loss
- Increase in appetite
- Increase in urine production
- Dry mouth
There are some situations that increase the risk of developing the disease:
- Be over 45 years old
- Parents or siblings with diabetes
- Obesity or overweight
- Arterial hypertension
- Cardiovascular disease
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes during pregnancy
- Women with children born weighing more than 4.5Kg.
If you have any of these symptoms or characteristics of thesis about diabetes, go to the nearest health center to perform a control.
How can diabetes be prevented?
- Increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables
- Avoid foods with high sodium content (cold meats, sausages, dressings, cheeses, etc.)
- Cook without adding salt. Replace it with parsley, basil, thyme, rosemary and other condiments.
- Perform 6 daily meals: 4 main and 2 snacks
- Consume red or white meat (chicken or fish) no more than 5 times per week.
- Take care of the body and avoid overweight.
- Add at least 30 MINUTES of physical activity daily in a continuous or accumulated way: use stairs, walk, dance, etc.
- And very important, do not smoke. Even a few cigarettes, according to the experts and thesis statement about diabetes, per day are very damaging to the arteries, especially for people with diabetes.
To take into account …
People with diabetes are at increased risk of high cholesterol, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. The prevention and control of thesis on diabetes factors are a fundamental aspect of the treatment of this disease. If you have diabetes, remind your doctor:
- Weigh it, measure it and take the pressure.
- Examine the feet.
- Calculate your overall cardiovascular risk at least once a year
- Control with oculist and dentist.
- Ask if you should receive aspirin.
Treatments
The treatment of diabetes is based on three pillars: diet, physical exercise and medication. It aims to keep blood glucose levels within normal limits to minimize the risk of complications associated with the disease.
As we can see in diabetes thesis topics, insulin is the only treatment for type 1 diabetes. Nowadays it can only be administered injected, either with insulin pens or with continuous infusion systems (insulin pumps).
“It is necessary to adjust the administration of insulin to what the person eats, the activity that he performs and his glucose figures, so the patient must measure their glucose frequently, by using glucometers (pricking their fingers) or with interticial glucose sensors (one is already funded in several autonomous communities), in a simpler and less painful, “says doctor Gonzalez.
Type 2 diabetes has a broader therapeutic spectrum according to the thesis topics on diabetes. In this case, unlike patients with type 1 diabetes, insulin administration will not always be necessary. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and losing weight, glucose levels can normalize.
Along with this, adds the endocrinologist, “the use of one or more drugs that help insulin work better will be the best treatment option.” According to Ávila, the drug that is prescribed “will depend fundamentally on the clinical characteristics of the patient”. The therapeutic groups available are the following:
- Biguanides, of which only metformin is used.
- Inhibitors of alpha decarboxylase.
- Inhibitors of the enzyme DPP-4.
- SGLT-2 antagonists.
- GLP-1 agonists.
- Insulins
Complications
There is a direct relationship between compliance with treatment and adequate glycemic control, which in turn is related to the risk of developing chronic complications associated with diabetes.
According to the board member of the SED, “diabetes is currently the leading cause of dialysis and non-traumatic amputations, as well as being a very important cause of blindness.” Likewise, “it has a great influence on the development of circulatory problems, such as angina pectoris and infarction”.
In this same line, Gonzalez stresses that “diabetes can go unnoticed for years, in which it already produces complications.” Therefore, it is important to go to the primary care doctor in case of family history of diabetes or risk factors (obesity, hypertension, gestational diabetes) to perform glucose test”.